نوع مقاله : ترویجی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه الهیات و فقه و حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده هنر و علوم انسانی فارسان، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.
2 دانش‌آموخته سطح سه، فقه و اصول، جامعة‌الزهرا (س)،قم،ایران.
3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آیت‌الله العظمی بروجردی (ره)، بروجرد، ایران.
4 دانش‌آموخته سطح دو حوزه علمیه کریمه اهل البیت (ع) قم، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
According to Islamic traditions, the human body retains its sanctity even after death, and any act of disrespect toward the deceased is deemed equivalent to disrespect toward a living person. Accordingly, in cases where a crime is committed against a deceased person, in addition to tazir (discretionary punishment), a financial penalty in the form of diyah (blood money) has been prescribed. Although there is little disagreement among jurists regarding the amount of this diyah, differences exist concerning its disposition and use. Examining these differences may contribute to determining the legal and jurisprudential nature of this financial penalty. In this regard, given that this fundamental issue has received insufficient attention from researchers, the present study employs a library-based research method with a descriptive-analytical approach to provide a systematic and precise examination of the proper disposition of the diyah for crimes committed against the deceased and, ultimately, to clarify its legal and jurisprudential nature. The study concludes that the diyah for a crime committed against the deceased is to be expended on behalf of the deceased for charitable purposes (mubarrat) , one of the most significant instances of which is the payment of the deceased’s debts. Furthermore, emphasizing the necessity of designating, in statutory law, an authorized body responsible for administering the deceased’s diyah and remedying this legislative gap, the study demonstrates that Advisory Opinion No. 7/1402/776 issued by the Legal Department of the Judiciary, which identifies the Imam Khomeini Relief and Implementation Headquarters (Setad-e Ejraei-ye Farman-e Imam) as the entity responsible for administering the deceased’s diyah, is open to criticism on both Sharia-based and legal grounds. The study further finds that although the diyah for a crime committed against the deceased bears conceptual similarities to the institutions of kaffārah (expiation), ṣadaqah (charity) , and, in particular, diyah in its technical legal sense, it does not precisely correspond to any of them. It therefore possesses an independent and distinctive legal and jurisprudential nature.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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